8 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... concentrating defect ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Workup ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... of epithelial sodium ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential # ... Table
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider RBC membrane disorder ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology
Inherited Qualitative Platelet Defects
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome
 • Defect of adhesion due to a lack of GP Ib/IX/V
Qualitative Platelet Defects ... MYH9-Related Disorder ... #comparison #table ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
with psychiatric disorders ... dysfunction - K+ deficits ... diabetes insipidus Differential ... intoxication Initial Workup ... , Urine Sodium
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Albumin > 4) Work-up ... Connective tissue disorders ... gastric tumors • Hematology ... Gap #ProteinGap #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology