10 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... , Post-AKI diuresis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
water unavailable 2) ... Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... 2) HISTORY/PHYSICAL ... obstruction, Nephrotoxic drugs ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Toxins - Drugs ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Loop diuretics for ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... encephalopathy) 2.
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... 10U reg IV + 1-2 ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology