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differential management algorithm causes treatment diuresis epithelial excretion high inherited medications pharmacology polydipsia primary renal rhabdomyolysis tubule
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... concentrating defect ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects ... in Kidney Tubule ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
water unavailable 2) ... Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Toxins - Drugs ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Loop diuretics for ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... dysfunction - K+ deficits ... intoxication Initial Workup ... , Urine Sodium ... #management #nephrology
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