12 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... history Step #2 ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... Acute MI, Acute Heart ... Pulmonary embolism 2) ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... water unavailable 2) ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... encephalopathy) 2.
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... #treatment #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... decompensated heart ... due to loss of sodium ... #management #cold ... warm #wet #dry #table