12 results
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
General approach to AKI ... excretion of sodium ... performance for diagnosing ... acute tubular interstitial ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
PRE-Renal AKI ... Infection-mediated, Drug-induced ... POST-Renal AKI ... External obstruction, Neurogenic ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine Na+K ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K- ... cotransporter, K ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Diagnosis by Mechanism ... exacerbation) - Drugs ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... #Table #Causes ... #Sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypothyroidism, Stress, Drugs ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
Distal Renal Tubular ... RTA is the true Nephrogenic ... cells - A Low K ... ATPase - AEI ... Acidosis #RTA #diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Torsemide) • Acute ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... Oral sodium loading ... free cortisol excretion ... Causes #Screening #Workup ... #table