15 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Osmotic diuresis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Mains Electricity Failure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexpected total power failure is rare and unpredictable.
Guidelines for Crises ... until patient is stable ... Guidelines for crises ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... the underlying cause ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Increased Airway Pressure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Using these steps from start to end should
in Anaesthesia ... bronchodilator; PEEP; diuretic ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
other, more common causes ... hyperventilate, sodium ... forced alkaline diuresis ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup