74 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Table #Causes
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
, Differential Diagnosis ... and Features of Hyponatremia ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Sodium zirconium ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Table ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #nephrology ... #sodium
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Irritable Bowel Neurogenic ... --obstruction Neurogenic ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia
Therapy - Dose and Route - Onset of Action - Duration of Effect
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia ... glucose, Furosemide, Sodium ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia ... #management #pharmacology ... #table #treatment
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... Ketoconazole • Sodium ... Drospirenone #Drugs #hyperkalemia ... #medications #causes ... #differential #diagnosis