10 results
diagnosis differential nephrology hyponatremia management rhabdomyolysis treatment algorithm alkalosis casts chloride crystals dipstick diuresis diuretics glucosuria heat heatstroke hematuria hypertension
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... sodium is typically ... of sodium and potassium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis GI losses / Insensible losses Sodium Overload Transcellular Movement of Water Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... sensitivity in kidneys ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... Fractional excretion ... Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) FE Na < ... 1% Urine sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... Inappropriate ADH secretion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... • Hyponatremia ... stones caused by ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... + myoglobin AKI ... nephrotoxicity to kidney
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing Common causes: • Renal parenchymal disease
Oral sodium loading ... test (with 24-h urine ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... free cortisol excretion ... Screening #Workup #table
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes
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