11 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Acute and chronic kidney ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... concentrating defect ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... in Kidney Tubule ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Insensible losses Sodium ... sensitivity in kidneys ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
electrolyte abnormality caused ... osmolality helps to differentiate ... among the possible causes ... the hypothalamus detect ... collecting duct in the kidneys
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Emergencies - Differential ... • Neurologic deficits ... • Early death Neutropenic ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia ... emergencies #oncology #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hereditary defects ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... High #Potassium #Classification
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... - Compartment syndrome ... B3: Hereditary Defects ... myopathies - Defects ... #typea #typeb #classification
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
vasculitis) - Affects ... tract, and often causes ... Polyarteritis Nodosa: - Kidneys ... Kidneys -> glomerulonephritis ... #rheumatology #classification