29 results
diagnosis nephrology differential hyponatremia table algorithm treatment causes cardiology classification medications rheumatology workup activation acute adh agonists aki alkalosis antagonists
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... concentrating defect: • Diuretics ... • Osmotic diuresis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Causes #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
- Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... - Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Acute and chronic kidney ... - Diuretics
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... volume loss - diuretics ... • nephrotic syndrome
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... -2 deficiency Nephrogenic ... Inherited #Defects #Kidney
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
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