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diagnosis differential nephrology treatment hyponatremia algorithm table causes acute aki cardiology chf clinical criticalcare diuretics ebv excretion foamed heartfailure hypotonic
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
: • ADH ON (UOsm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... salt wasting • ADH ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis GI losses / Insensible losses Sodium Overload Transcellular Movement of Water Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Insipidus (Decr ADH ... Insipidus (Incr ADH ... sensitivity in kidneys
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... True hyponatremia ... release of anti-diuretic ... collecting duct in the kidneys ... #hyponatremia #ADH
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Management of Hyponatremia Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125 Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... Diuretics ... Add Diuretics, Consider ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements: • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Management ... high preload → Diuretics ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... ureteral stent(s) • Neurogenic
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