11 results
diagnosis differential algorithm hyponatremia causes management alkalosis chloride defects diuresis diuretics epithelial excretion gitelman heatstroke hypokalemia hypotonic illness inherited kidney
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
: Hypovolemia, Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... renal tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Urine Na < 20: Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure ... Possible DIC - Mild lactic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
• Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Hypervolemia: Congestive Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
exhaustion, Heat ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology
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