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differential rheumatology management druginduced hypernatremia sle sodium table anemia antiphospholipid apls causes dermatology dil erythematosus glomerulonephritis hypercalcemia hypercoagulable hypotonic macrocytic
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia Box A: • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... Box A: • Normo ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm High or Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm High ... or Normal PTH: ... #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
(SLE) - Diagnosis ... - CRP: Usually normal ... • Immunologic Workup ... 60-80% - Low ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE Drug Induced Lupus (DIL): • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
CRP - Usually normal ... • Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... #sle #comparison ... #diagnosis #management
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Myositis and Myopathies Polymyositis • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2 Dermatomyositis
Elevated ESR, Normal ... Body Myositis • Slow ... muscle weakness • Normal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #comparison #rheumatology
Anemia Diagnostic Algorithm Mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV): Average RBC size. Under 80 = microcytic. Between 80-95
Anemia Diagnostic ... Normal range 11.5% ... Low in bone marrow ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Hematology #Microcytic
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Idiopathic • Normal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #algorithm #rheumatology
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