16 results
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
Carpal timel syndrome ... Myotonia, Muscular ... reflexes, Anaemia #Hypothyroid ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #Endocrinology
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
Hypothyroid Myopathy ... hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... deficiency leads to abnormal ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Proximal Weakness, Normal ... trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
is a clinical syndrome ... varied clinical symptoms ... Hypothyroidism #PhysicalExam ... video #neurology #endocrinology ... #hypothyroid
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... injury, often from vascular ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... arrhythmia • Valvular ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... from any source; oral ... Constipation - MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Cathepsin G release → vascular ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... 500 mg QD until normal
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... anterior/posterior MSK ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... : (distinct symptoms ... ) • Löfgren syndrome