9 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diagnosis Algorithm ... K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption RENAL ... syndrome • Thiazide ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... (renal potassium ... • Magnesium ... #Gitelman #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... states, Primary or secondary ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology