10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • HTN, High Aldosterone
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... - Differential Diagnosis ... with short bowel syndrome ... underexcretion of acids
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... Cystinuria - Amino acid ... tubular acidosis ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
of Respiratory Acid-Base ... encephalitis, Tumor, Trauma ... tissue hypoxia: High ... Pneumoconiosis, Bronchitis, Adult ... respiratory distress syndrome
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... #Medications #Table
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Present in high ... anemia, folic acid ... Legionnaires disease • Pulmonary ... Demand ischemia • Trauma
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Acidosis B. ... E-aminocaproic acid ... Succinylcholine; thermal trauma ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Potassium