35 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
, Differential Diagnosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... correction of chronic ... demyelination syndrome ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... • Hyponatremia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypoxia, Uremia, Liver ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Heart failure, liver ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
and Bloating - Treatment ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Dyssynergia Diagnostics ... Bloating #Management #Diagnosis ... #gastroenterology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Chronic presentation ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... #neurology #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... correction of chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis