143 results
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
of Generalized Edema ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... Increased Interstitial Oncotic ... Decreased Capillary Oncotic ... Burns/Trauma #Edema
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Lower Extremity Edema ... Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema ... Causes #Starling #Oncotic
Pitting vs Non-Pitting Edema: Differential Diagnosis
For pitting edema: there's generally an issue with :
  ↑
vs Non-Pitting Edema ... Diagnosis For pitting edema ... pressure ↓ Plasma oncotic ... inflammation Non-pitting edema ... Pitting #NonPitting #Edema
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Treatment Algorithm

IBS-Constipation:
 • Constipation: Osmotic laxatives
 • Abdominal pain: Antispasmodics

IBS-Diarrhea:
 • Diarrhea:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Constipation: Osmotic ... Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome
Causes of Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Pitting Edema:
  ↑ Hydrostatic - Too Much Fluid
Causes of Edema ... Diagnosis Pitting Edema ... Pressure ↓ Oncotic ... pitting #nonpitting #Edema
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Peripheral Edema ... Decreased plasma oncotic ... • May-Thurner Syndrome ... regional pain syndrome ... • SVC syndrome
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
of Peripheral Edema ... blockers Decreased Oncotic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Causes #Peripheral #Edema
Drug-Induced Edema
Drug-induced edema is caused by many drugs & can coincide with or worsen pre-existing peripheral
Drug-Induced Edema ... Drug-induced edema ... pre-existing peripheral edema ... Tissue edema develops ... - Decreased oncotic
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome
Pharmacologic Management of Constipation 
Fiber Laxatives
 - Bran powder
 - Psyllium
 - Methylcellulose
 - Calcium polycarbophil
- Mineral oil Osmotic ... Sodium phosphate enema ... - Mineral oil enema