106 results
Chronic Diarrhea Differential Diagnosis
 • Inflammatory, Infectious: Recurrent C. diff, Giardiasis
 • Inflammatory, Non-infectious: IBD, Ischemia,
Chronic Diarrhea ... Differential Diagnosis ... , Radiation • Osmotic ... BostonChiefs #Diarrhea #Chronic ... #Differential #
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Acetazolamide (carbonic ... inhibitor) 2) Osmotic ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diuretics • Osmotic ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Chronic Diarrhea - Workup
Osmotic:
 • Consider food diary and trial avoiding certain foods or meds, Consider
Chronic Diarrhea ... - Workup Osmotic ... diagnostic fast, Stool osmotic ... diagnostic fast, Stool osmotic ... Workup #diagnosis #differential
Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Inflammatory
    - Invasive Infections
    - Non-Infections
Watery
Diarrhea - Differential ... Non-Infections Watery - Osmotic ... BostonChiefs #Diarrhea #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... alkalosis, Ketonuria, Osmotic ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Generalized Edema - Differential ... Increased Interstitial Oncotic ... Decreased Capillary Oncotic ... #Generalized #Differential
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Causes #Starling #Oncotic ... Hydrostatic #Pressure #Differential
Acute Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Ischemic: Small Bowel vs Large Bowel
 • Infectious: Diarrhea-Predominant
Acute Diarrhea - Differential ... Non-Bloody • Dietary (osmotic ... Acute #Diarrhea #Differential
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
, Interaction CARBONIC ... • Triamterene OSMOTIC ... summary #table #nephrology