21 results
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Hormones Acting ... Their Site of Action ... Acetazolamide 2) Osmotic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Diuretic Sites of Action ... canagliflozin 2) Osmotic ... Diuretics #Sites #Action ... #nephrology #pharmacology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diuretics • Osmotic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites of action ... inhibitor) 2) Osmotic ... #pharmacology #nephrology ... medications #sites #action
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Normovolemic hypernatremia ... - Osmotic diuretic ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia ... administration • Osmotic ... Hyperventilation #Hypernatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Hypovolemic: Diuretics, osmotic ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Hyponatremia Correction ... Overcorrection of Hyponatremia ... → Osmotic Demyelination ... MetroHealth_EM #Hyponatremia ... rate #management #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
, Mechanism of Action ... • Triamterene OSMOTIC ... summary #table #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Diagnosis and Treatment ... Hypernatremia ... unavailable 2) Osmotic ... #management #nephrology