11 results
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Causes of Encephalopathy ... Systemic: Systemic infection ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... TB, parasitic, complications ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical complications ... • Wernicke encephalopathy ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... epidural hematoma • Infection ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... - Refeeding syndrome ... • Wernicke's Encephalopathy ... failure: Hepatic congestion ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... Pulmonary vascular congestion ... respiratory distress syndrome ... (ARDS) • Opioid
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... • Usually is a complication ... lesion Tuberculous Encephalopathy ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... and not direct infection
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Infection or cancer ... problems affect the conversion ... cause unknown) ... ○ Meningitis complications ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome
Causes of Toxic Megacolon - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis
Causes of Toxic ... Hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... (complicating Escherichia ... with triggering Opioids ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... early stages of infection ... Classic HIV Encephalopathy ... fluid-attenuated inversion ... The clinical syndrome