23 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... proximal features and high ... salt diet #Renal ... #classification ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Lupus Nephritis Classification Algorithm

#Lupus #Nephritis #Classification #Algorithm #diagnosis #differential #types #rheumatology #nephrology #renal
Lupus Nephritis Classification ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #types ... #rheumatology #nephrology ... #renal
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Diuretics (late) • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Diuretics (late) • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... Cell Problem - High ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Up to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... #nephrology #casts
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Serum K high ... - Diarrhea - High ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Workup #nephrology