18 results
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation - ED Management
The shoulder is the most commonly dislocated major joint, 95% of
held in slight abduction ... procedural sedation and reduction ... immobilizer • Ortho ... injury, difficult reduction ... Disposition: DC with ortho
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
Posterior Elbow Dislocation ... , 80% of elbow dislocations ... procedural sedation and reduction ... Posterior long arm • Ortho ... Simple, DC with ortho
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
Perilunate Dislocation ... In perilunate dislocation ... summary: • Dorsal dislocation ... sedation and emergent reduction ... Sugar tong • Ortho
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation
Interphalangeal joint dislocations almost always occur dorsally, look for associated avulsion fractures! Here's a
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation ... Interphalangeal joint dislocations ... involved and the dislocation ... Digital block and reduction ... Finger splint • Ortho
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... Overhead throwing => Abduction ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... x-ray view -> Dislocation ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
with radial head dislocation ... the radial head dislocation ... I or Ill) • Ortho ... • If stable reduction
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Increased Cell Production ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation ... Oxyhemoglobin #Dissociation ... #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Right #Shift #Differential
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... cancer • Ectopic production ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
sources of ammonia production ... into increased production ... asparaginase Excess (production ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... Hyperammonemia #Differential