55 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... determine response to diuretic ... #hyperkalemia ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential