14 results
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... asymptomatic to seizures ... urea causes the hyponatremia ... True hyponatremia ... #hyponatremia #ADH
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... Calculate serum osmolality ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... of symptomatic (seizures
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... chromosome 21) Signs ... dysfunction: myoclonic seizure ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... geriatrics #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urea, uric acid, osmolarity ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... fragmentocytes, LDH
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - For diagnosis, must have either 26
Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD ... Pathogenesis and clinical ... with inattentive ADHD ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... tremor, insomnia, seizure ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Acute Otitis Media: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings (in Children)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: 
 - Bacterial: Streptococcus
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mastoiditis, febrile seizures ... #OtitisMedia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
exertion/training - Seizures ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Aldolase ↑ • LDH ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Through aditus ad ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms