108 results
Differential Diagnosis of Hypo and Hypercalcemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Differential #Calcium #Hypocalcemia #Hypercalemia #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis ... of Hypo and Hypercalcemia ... #Diagnosis #EM ... #Differential #Calcium ... #Hypocalcemia #
Hypocalcemia - Workup Algorithm

Dr Nikhil Lohiya - NEPHKIDS 2020 @NEPHKIDS1

#Hypocalcemia #Workup #Algorithm #differential #diagnosis #endocrinology #causes
Hypocalcemia - Workup ... @NEPHKIDS1 #Hypocalcemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #causes #calcium
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... Hypoparathyroidism - Calcium-sensing ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #endocrinology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #calcium #high ... #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
PTH) Effect in Calcium ... and Phosphorus Calcium ... - Net Effect Hypercalcemia ... #parathormone #Calcium ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Chvostek's Sign - Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia

Chvostek's sign is described as the twitching of facial muscles
Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia ... nor specific for hypocalcemia ... patients with hypocalcemia ... persons with normal calcium ... Video #Clinical #endocrinology
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... Abnormalities of calcium ... metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
Initial treatment ... Calcium-containing ... binders also improve hypocalcaemia ... Calcitriol improves hypocalcaemia ... the first-line treatments