17 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... - Diuretics ... #Table #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute ... vs Chronic Calculate ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... of Acute and Chronic ... Hyperkalemia Acute ... #Acute #Chronic ... #treatment #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... excretion • Acute ... renal failure • Chronic ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... correction of chronic ... #nephrology #sodium