76 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... turnover • Acute ... • Hemolytic anemia ... End-stage renal disease ... Increase #Decrease #Diagnosis
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... , Liver diseases ... Malignant tumors, Acute ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... Morphology #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Blood Loss • Acute ... Disease • Marrow ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... ARUPLabs #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #workup
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Signs and Symptoms ... but elevated as disease ... Diagnosis: • ... , IgG4 related disease ... #workup #hepatology
Anemia Diagnostic Algorithm

Mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV): Average RBC size. Under 80 = microcytic. Between 80-95
Anemia Diagnostic ... (MCV): Average RBC ... High in acute blood ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Aplastic Anemia ... Illness Script Signs ... Diagnosis: • Pancytopenia ... progress to MDS or acute ... #diagnosis #management
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
transform into a RBC ... Chronic kidney disease ... Index > 3: • Acute ... , Intrinsic RBC ... #differential #diagnosis
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
, diagnose iron ... Test for celiac disease ... change medical management ... Gastrointestinal #Evaluation #workup ... #diagnosis #gastroenterology
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... calcium. ❽ Treat anaemia ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup