35 results
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Non-lmmune #Anemia ... #Classification ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... DIAGNOSE AIHA • Anemia ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Artifact (redo CBC ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #typea #typeb #classification
Suspected Celiac Disease - Diagnosis Algorithm

Celiac disease suspected:
 • Signs and symptoms of celiac disease
 •
suspected: • Signs ... Iron-deficiency anemia ... unresponsive to treatment ... without discernable cause ... • Signs of osteoporosis
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... and petechiae Causes ... Pancytopenia: • ↓ RBC ... • ↓ WBC • ↓ ... Treatment:
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
count cause hyperviscosity ... >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... Low calcium • Treatment ... - Hyperkalemia treatment
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
- Metabolic Acidosis ... Serum PO4 -> decr RBC ... hemolysis - anemia ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification 
DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT
Anterior column:
Trauma and Spine Classification ... Ligamentum flavum PC ... fractures: Don't cause ... Ligamentous complex (PLC ... Cauda equina Treatment
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
rise is a late sign ... ❹ Call for MH treatment ... mins, U&E, CK, FBC ... metoprolol Metabolic acidosis ... Intraoperative #Checklist