11 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... mmol creatinine) High ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
be treated with IV ... potassium(K) & ... urinary losses: • High ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #high #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #high #nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
activation -> diffuse myelin ... is similar to PML ... Patchy areas of high ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... cord infarct • HIV ... and posterior thigh ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
Orbital Apex Syndrome ... PCP with valacyclovir ... acetate to help with ocular ... HZO #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... glycol (present in IV ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology