16 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Cl- responsive ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... the indicated causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... Excretion: • ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urine Na/K/Cl ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... , Anuria - PCN ... Recurrence: • For ALL ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... Excretion: • ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
• Inhibit Na+ Cl ... Piretanide Potassium ... the nephron by excretion ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... loop #thiazide #classes