10 results
Posterolateral Corner (PLC) Injury - Posterolateral Drawer Test
Injury to the posterolateral corner (PLC) is difficult to
Posterolateral Drawer ... is difficult to diagnose ... posterior cruciate ligament ... injury (PCL). ... PhysicalExam #Sports #Orthopedics
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification 
DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT
Anterior column:
Orthopedic Essentials ... Anterior column: AAL ... fractures: Don't cause ... Classification #Orthopedics ... #diagnosis #localization
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Algorithm Hypertensive ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urine Na/K/Cl ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Cl- responsive ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Vomiting: urine Na/Cl ... 1.6, low urine Cl ... 0.7, high urine Cl ... with urine Na/Cl ... #nephrology
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... lachmans, posterior drawers ... , and special ligament ... -->>>> LINK TO ACL ... trauma/vascular/orthopedic