11 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Imaging: - MRI ... #differential #diagnosis
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... regardless of symptoms ... or signs. ... PCR and CMV pp65 ... #symptoms
Hodgkin's Lymphoma vs Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Comparison

Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
 • Epidemiology: young adults 20-30, older 50-70
 •
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Comparison ... ), EBV infection ... - Pel-Ebstein ... Etiology: - Infections ... #oncology #diagnosis
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
early stages of infection ... • Depressive symptoms ... , but MRI will show ... Diagnosis: MRI ... Findings: • Rule out infectious
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... heart valves • MRI ... large infarct - Infectious ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... Transverse Myelitis Diagnosis ... simplex virus, HIV
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... Diagnosis Framework ... • CT: Halo sign ... Constitutional symptoms ... Pneumonia: • PVL
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
headache is a symptom ... aneurysm) • Infection ... loss, cancer, HIV ... Primary #Secondary #Comparison ... #Neurology #Diagnosis