22 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2 ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
PLACO Mnemonic - Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
P - Determine the pH
L - Labs: PCO2 & HCO3
A
- Approach to Acid-Base ... pH L - Labs: PCO2 ... PLACO #AcidBase #Acid ... Base #diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
: • Low CO2 = ... CPP) • High CO2 ... = dilated BV = raises ... and via lactic acid ... Pathophysiology #neurology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- CPK, uric acid ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... Neuromuscular #Weakness #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Acid loads (ammonium ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology