2367 results
PIRATES Mnemonic for the Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

P - Pulmonary Disease, PE
I - Ischemic, Idiopathic
R -
PIRATES Mnemonic ... Apnea, Surgery #PIRATES ... Fibrillation #AFib #Differential
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Presentations Causes (PIRATES ... Causes #Mnemonic #PIRATES
AEIOU TIPS - Mnemonic for Causes of Altered Mental Status
A - Alcohol, Acidosis, Ammonia, Arrhythmia
E -
Overdose, Oxygen, Opiates ... encephalopathy #diagnosis #differential
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... agents ex. dapsone, nitrates ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Differential
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
Medications: statins, fibrates ... Medications- Statins, fibrates ... #Elevated #CK #differential
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
Statins - Fibrates ... mimics #diagnosis #differential
Typical Withdrawal Characteristics of Various Opiates / Time course of opiate withdrawal. 
- Half-life
- Onset of
Characteristics of Various Opiates ... withdrawal #Opiates
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Opiates, Antihypertensives ... #Constipation #Differential
Thrombotic Microangiopathy - TTP VS HUS

Big picture points : Often hard to differentiate the two entities,
Often hard to differentiate ... : TTP has high rates
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
sphincter tone: • Opiates ... #pharmacology #differential