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diagnosis hematology mds myelodysplastic aplastic apml causes differentiation gap globulin monoclonal myelodysplasia paraproteinemias protein proteingap syndromes thrombocytopenia treatment
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Leukemia, Tumour ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Causes #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... count • ↓Hg & PLT ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Hematology #Oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... • ↓ WBC • ↓ PLT ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML Epidemiology: • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study) • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... initiation • Differential ... APML #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... • Hairy Cell Leukemia ... blood count with differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Paraproteinemias Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component: • MM • WM • MGUS • MGCS • MGRS • Splenic Marginal Zone
Organomegaly+↑RBC/plt ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... #Monoclonal #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Oncology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4) Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap: •
• Plasma cell leukemia ... changes (POEMS syndrome ... : Lymphoma, Leukemia ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia ... Gap #ProteinGap #differential
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