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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
on the basis of HRCT ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... LowAttenuation #Differential ... #Diagram #Comparison
Upper lung zone preference is seen in:
- Inhaled particles: pneumoconiosis (silica or coal)
- Smoking related diseases
Upper lung zone ... (centrilobular emphysema ... edema #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #HRCT ... #Table #Distribution
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
Centrilobular emphysema ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #HRCT #CTChest ... Cystic #Pattern #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
Centrilobular emphysema ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #HRCT #CTChest ... Cystic #Pattern #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Nodular LCH:
- Sarcoidosis: perilymphatic distribution.
- Metastases: random distribution.
Cystic LCH:
- LAM: round
Differential diagnosis ... Centrilobular emphysema ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CTChest #Cystic ... #Comparison #Table
Radiologists use many terms to describe areas of decreased density or lucencies within the lung, like
we describe a chest ... #CXR #Lucency #Differential ... #Table #CavitaryLesion ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Radiology
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... in interstitial lung ... low attenuation (table ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
Cheerio Sign (Open Bronchus Sign) on Chest CT
 • Pulmonary nodule with a central lucency
 •
CT • Pulmonary ... Pulm adeno Ca, PLCH ... and metastatic lung ... #Lung #Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #radiology
Cavities frequently arise within a mass or an area of consolidation as a result of necrosis.
We
the surrounding lung ... without associated pulmonary ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CTChest #Cavity ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
On the left a typical case of panlobular emphysema.
There is uniform destruction of the underlying architecture
the secondary pulmonary ... Pulmonary vessels ... difficult to detect on HRCT ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #Panlobular