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Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

1 Anterior Horn Cell
2 Spinal Roots and Nerves 
3 Peripheral Nerve—Mono-neuropathy  
4
#Peripheral #PNS
Causes of Orthopnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Fear and Anxiety
 • Pleural Effusion
 • Ascites
manipulation - CNS ... MS, Polio - PNS
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
pulmonary etc) • CNS ... -> PNS -> NMJ - ... cryoglobulins • PNS
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Scleromyxedema (CNS ... Amyloidosis (CVS+PNS
Miosis Causes - 4 P's Mnemonic
Constricted: pupils < 2mm, Pinpoint: pupils < 1mm
 • Pain Killer:
Miosis Causes - 4 P's ... Organophosphate • Pons
High-Res Chest CT Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reticular:
 • Septal Thickening: Lymphangitic Carcinoma, Interstitial Edema, Alveolar
Hypersensitivity, Acute Eos PNA ... COP, Chronic Eos PNA ... Consolidation: Pus ... Lymphocytic Int PNA
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
• May involve PNS ... and CNS • Headache
Focus Assessed Transthoracic Echo (FATE) - Basic FATE views

Pos 1: Subcostal 4-chamber

Pos 2: Apical 4-chamber

Pos 3:
Basic FATE views Pos ... Subcostal 4-chamber Pos ... Apical 4-chamber Pos ... Parasternal long axis Pos ... LV short axis Pos
Antibiotics and CNS Diffusion

1. Drugs with good CNS diffusion:

- Fluoroquinolones, Fluconazole, voriconazole, Rifampin, Oxazolidinones, Metronidazole

2. Drugs
Antibiotics and CNS ... Drugs with good CNS ... with moderate CNS ... Drugs with low CNS ... #Antibiotics #CNS
Crystalloid Fluids - Contents Comparison Table
Normal plasma
0.9% saline (a.k.a. "normal saline" or NS)
0.45% saline (a.k.a. 1/2
normal saline" or NS ... saline (a.k.a. 1/2 NS ... saline D5 1/2 4NS