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diagnosis differential coagulation abnormal management pt treatment algorithm arterial bleeding bruising dermatology dic disorders disseminated embolism encephalopathy evaluation fever hemophilia
How to Evaluate an Abnormal APTT Step 1: Is the PT or APTT Artifactually Prolonged? Step 2: Is
Artifactually Prolonged ... K Antagonists, Heparin ... to identify the cause ... of Prolonged APTT ... #hematology #evaluation
Causes of Prolonged PT (INR), Prolonged PTT • Prolonged PT (INR), Prolonged PTT • Prolonged PT
Causes of Prolonged ... PTT • Prolonged ... PTT • Prolonged ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology #coagulation
Causes of Abnormal PT and/or aPTT Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT) 1. Acquired deficiency of FVII
Causes of Abnormal ... unfractionated heparin ... e.g. heparin ... #Prolonged #Causes ... #differential #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for a Prolonged PT and aPTT If the PT and the aPTT are both prolonged,
PT and aPTT If ... (e.g. heparin contamination ... thrombin inhibitors, heparin ... #Prolonged #Causes ... #differential #hematology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors Findings: • Bleeding • Recent history
Thrombocytopenia • Prolonged ... Treat primary cause ... INR < 2.3 - APTT ... Coagulation #diagnosis #causes ... treatment #management #hematology
Hemophilia - Diagnosis and Management Diagnosis: • Consistent bleeding history (unless screening for disease in family members
established disease) • aPTT ... is prolonged, but ... mixing study (aPTT ... normal in mild cases ... Management #treatment #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
• Secondary Causes ... deficiencies - PNH ... Cholesterol emboli • Septic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology ... #rheumatology #
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework VENOUS THROMBOSIS • Acquired Risk Factors: - >48 hours
cardiac valves (septic ... Hyperhomocysteinemia - Heparin-induced ... coagulation and other causes ... - COVID-19 - PNH ... pathophysiology #hematology
Bleeding and Bruising - Disorders of Hemostasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework == Quantitative or Qualitative defect in
NORMAL PT/NORMAL PTT ... Acquired: • Heparin ... the PT remains prolonged ... discern these causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
involvement • 30%: CNS ... -> AML: Blast crises ... count ↑ PLT • ↑ PBS ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
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