12 results
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
: - Thrombocytopenia ... necrosis) • VIT ... deficiencies - PNH ... fever • Drug reactions ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... microangiopathy: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
- Transfusion Reactions ... Pathophysiology: 2 hit ... without other cause ... with pulmonary edema ... #hematology #diagnosis
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
deficiency) • HIT ... + Bleeding Treatment ... Treat primary cause ... #treatment #management ... #hematology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Hematological: - HIT ... Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ... coagulation and other causes ... - COVID-19 - PNH ... pathophysiology #hematology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... severe thrombocytopenia ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... severe thrombocytopenia ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... count ↑ PLT • ↑ PBS ... Pruritis after hot ... infiltrates (anemia, thrombocytopenia ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
infections/fevers • Thrombocytopenia ... and petechiae Causes ... - HCV - HIV ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Anemia #oncology #hematology
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
superinfection, drug reactions ... pleural effusions, CNS ... unintentional weight loss, nausea ... and peripheral edema ... Diagnosis: • Drug reaction