32 results
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Algorithm and Causes ... Urobilinogen • + urinary ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Differential #Causes ... #Workup #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... usually IgM) (e.g. primary ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Reticulocytosis • Primary ... Hypersplenism • Secondary ... Bleed • Hemolysis ... #Hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... • PCH • PNH ... anemia • ... #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) ... WARM AHA - Primary ... alpha-methyldopa COLD ... EBV • Viral PNA
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
15% of AIHA Primary ... Secondary Cold ... lymphoproliferative disorder Secondary ... anemiaCold ... #anemia #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... Post-splenectomy Primary ... #hematology #secondary
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... platelet decrease - PNH ... Agglutination - Cold ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... #Anemia #Differential ... classification #hematology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Asthma - COPD ... - Water - Pus ... Barre - ALS - Transverse ... myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia