12 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Water - Pus ... Barre - ALS - Transverse ... myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia • ... #pulmonary
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Splenomegaly, Increased PMNs ... Cyanosis without Pulmonary ... Apnea • Chronic Pulmonary ... #Hematology
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... - Oncotic • Cirrhosis ... • Asbestos • Uremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology ... #causes
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Drug-induced AIHA - Abnormal ... • PCH • PNH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... #Hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis ... failure PBC Signs ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
Causes of Anemia ... in Cirrhosis - ... , Inflammation NORMAL ... #Cirrhosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
the midbrain or pons ... heart failure, uremia ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... Occasional sighs ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
Systemic causes ... include diabetes, anemia ... disease, usually cirrhosis ... Nail #Diseases #Abnormal ... Diagnosis #Clinical #Signs
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... peripheral neuropathy, transverse ... , INC risk PE, Pulmonary ... primary biliary cirrhosis ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... May develop in pts ... fluid (CSF) is abnormal ... tract, and often causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology