16 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renin secreting tumor ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... use), Gitelman's ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renin-secreting tumor ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Renin-secreting tumor ... #causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Renin secreting tumor ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Renin secreting tumor ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
malignancies Treatment ... #AKI #Cancer #Oncology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Diagnosis ECF ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... Renin-secreting tumors ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... Transfusion reaction - Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... potassium #high #nephrology