24 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... (proteinuria, RBC ... → Refer to Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #urology #blood
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis (PBC) ... Drug-induced cholestasis, Primary ... malignancy #Primary ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... , HIV serology, ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Primary hyperaldo ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Normal or High PTH: Primary ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
all the time (urinary ... Algorithm #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... throughout (upper urinary ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... hematuria: - RBC ... Upper and Lower urinary ... Diagnosis #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
• N Vitamin D: Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
pericarditis • Hepatic: PBC ... (primary biliary ... symptoms #testing #workup