34 results
diagnosis hematology differential oncology treatment causes leukemia microbiology anemia chronic gastroenterology hemeonc hemolysis hemolytic hemophagocytic hlh lymphocytic lymphohistiocytosis mds myelodysplastic
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
peripheral blood smear ... Malaise, bleeding, infections ... pain, bleeding, infections ... bruising, bleeding, infection ... • Peripheral smear
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Peripheral Smear ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... TPO, TPO-RA • Infections ... : Chronic infections ... bacterial and viral infections
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... - Due to Viral infection ... Polyclonal - Viral Infection ... Check For: • Infections ... infectious setting
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Triggering factor (infection ... Acquired HLH: • Infections ... Still disease, Infection ... Etiological+++: Anti-infectious ... chemotherapy, anti-CD20 (PTLD
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
: • Most common ... weeks without infection ... • Peripheral smear ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... leukemia • Sezary syndrome
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection - Diagnosis and Management Summary Bacteremic spread of the Gram-negative diplococci Neisseria gonorrhoeae. History
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection ... symptomatic genital infection ... : • Most patients ... Disseminated #Gonococcal #Infection ... #Microbiology #InfectiousDiseases
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) What? CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection ... history of recurrent infections ... disease • Infectious ... community-acquired infections ... Malignancies • Chronic infections
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection ... sarcoidosis) • Post-splenectomy ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... myeloid leukemia (CML ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework 1) Environment - Fragmentation - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell ... Peripheral Blood Smear ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
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