23 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
suggests calculi/infection ... intrinsic renal disease ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Injury - Differential ... Parenchyma • Infectious ... C, A, E, B, D, EBV ... Hepatitis, TPN • Infectious ... #Injury #Differential
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
history (cardiac, liver ... , renal disease) ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Anti-mitochondrial (AMA ... biliary cirrhosis (PBC ... Anti-GBM - Goodpasture's ... #diagnosis #table ... #rheumatology #
Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Clinical triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, Skin rash ± odynophagia
+ Biological inflammation: Increased neutrophils, Hyperferritinemia, decreased
Clinical triad: Fever ... fraction < 20% Differential ... Diaqnoses: • Infectious ... Coxsackie, CMV, EBV ... management #treatment #rheumatology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Grafts, Valves, AS ... Drug-associated, PCH ... Defects, Drugs, Liver ... Internal (RBC) - Infections
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Venoocclusive disease ... Injury: • Infectious ... HBV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... injury #hepatitis #differential
Hodgkin's Lymphoma vs Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Comparison

Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
 • Epidemiology: young adults 20-30, older 50-70
 •
Immunosuppression (e.g., HIV), EBV ... infection, Autoimmune ... Etiology: - Infections ... involvement Differential ... #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Mycoplasma, EBV ... younger pts) Differential ... Disorders Such As ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Demyelinating disease ... • Symptoms: AMS ... effect/Edema • EBV ... #differential #