94 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... blood (measured on ABG ... SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... CaO2Low SvO2 ... → Low PaO2 CYTOPATHIC
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Low Uric Acid ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Approach to Acid ... 3) Now, look at ... Do you need an ABG ... Generally, for acid ... and ~5 mmHg to pCO2
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... - Urine sodium low ... low in euvolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
PLACO Mnemonic - Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
P - Determine the pH
L - Labs: PCO2 & HCO3
A
- Approach to Acid-Base ... pH L - Labs: PCO2 ... PLACO #AcidBase #Acid ... Base #diagnosis #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... diagnosis #sodium #low ... #nephrology
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Severe Asthma Exacerbation
Signs of a Severe Asthma Exacerbation:
 • Vitals: ↑HR ↑RR ↓SpO2
 • High work
wheezing OR poor air flow ... • ABG: - ... High pCO2 / low ... Abnormally normal ABG ... breathing • Peak flow
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... : Low intake • ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology