28 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Syndrome ... Clinical Presentation ... younger pts) Differential ... chills, flank pain ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
matter, spinal cord ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... Nonsurgical abdominal pain ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... or without back pain ... MCTD - Bechet disease ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment ... management #neurology #differential
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... Infections: - ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
weight • Chest pain ... Connective tissue diseases ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... mycobacteria Treatment ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
assay (IFA) is the main ... likely it will be clinically ... Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Infection ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
petechiae) • Frequent infections ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... • Parvovirus infection ... blood count with differential ... #diagnosis #hematology