2221 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism ... Endocrinology #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... ) Parathyroid hormone–independent ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism ... : Parathyroid adenoma ... , Parathyroid carcinoma ... Hypercalcemia #Differential
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... Destruction of parathyroid ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism ... Low or absent parathyroid ... hormone with parathyroid ... disease - Secondary hyperparathyroidism ... Hypocalcemia #Causes #Differential
Radial Fracture Due to Parathyroid Carcinoma- ...A plain radiograph of the left arm showed a diaphyseal
Fracture Due to Parathyroid ... diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism ... with an intact parathyroid ... cause of primary hyperparathyroidism ... radial #fracture #hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Hyperparathyroidism classification
Different causes and features of hyperparathyroidism - raised parathormone (PTH).

#Diagnosis #Hyperparathyroidism #Differential #Primary #Secondary #Tertiary
Hyperparathyroidism ... and features of hyperparathyroidism ... #Diagnosis #Hyperparathyroidism ... #Differential #
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypocalcemia • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid