673 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Serum levels of PTH ... hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
High or Normal PTH ... : • Hyperparathyroidism ... : Parathyroid adenoma ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH ... Workup #nephrology #PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Drug-Induced • Intact PTH ... Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... resistance) • Intact PTH ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... Destruction of parathyroid
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
- Low/NormaI PTH ... • Hypoparathyroidism ... (Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism ... • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Algorithm (PTH ... = parathyroid hormone ... ; PTHrp: parathyroid
Effects of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin on Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

#Parathyroid #hormone #PTH #Calcitonin #phosphate
Effects of Parathyroid ... hormone (PTH) and ... Metabolism #Parathyroid ... #hormone #PTH #
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism ... : ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium ... : ↑PTH, ↓→Calcium ... : ↑↑PTH, ↑Calcium ... endocrinology #PTH
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... hormone–dependent Primary hyperparathyroidism ... type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... ) Parathyroid hormone–independent ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid
Hyperparathyroidism classification
Different causes and features of hyperparathyroidism - raised parathormone (PTH).

#Diagnosis #Hyperparathyroidism #Differential #Primary #Secondary #Tertiary
Hyperparathyroidism ... and features of hyperparathyroidism ... parathormone (PTH ... #Diagnosis #Hyperparathyroidism